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Calvinists. Followers of John Calvin, a Protestant of the sixteenth century. See PREDESTINATION.

Campanile. A bell tower attached to or standing near a church.

Candlemas. An ancient name for the festival of the Purification of the Blessed

Virgin Mary (Feb-ruary 2nd). Tapers were blessed and carried in procession.

Canon. The word Canon means rule. It is used for—(1) The list of books of

Holy Scripture accepted on the authority of the Church. See Article 6 of the Thirty-nine Articles. (2) A title for certain clergy, either honorary or paid, attached to a cathedral. (3) The laws of the Church. (4) The part of the Communion Service from the Sanctus to the Communion.

Canonical Hours. These are Mattins and Lauds (midnight), Prime (6 a.m.), Terce (9 a.m.), Sext (noon), Nones (3 p.m.), Vespers (sunset), Compline (bed-time). 

Cantoris. The north side of the choir ; the side of the cantor or precentor.

Capuchin. A Franciscan monk, usually devoted to mission preaching. The habit is brown with a hood.

Cardinal. A Roman Catholic dignitary next in rank to the Pope. The College of Cardinals elects the Pope.

Cardinal Virtues. Justice, prudence, temperance, fortitude.

Carmelites. Originally hermits on Mount Carmel; later White Friars, from their white habit.

Carthusians. An order founded by S. Bruno in the eleventh century. Their chief house was the Grand Chartreuse, near Grenoble.

Catechism. A summary of Christian doctrine, in the form of question and answer.

Catechumen. One who is under instruction for Holy Baptism.

Cathedral. The chief church of a diocese. In this church the bishop has his throne.

Cathedra (Latin), chair.

Catholic. The Church is called Catholic because it teaches all the truth to all people for all time.

Celebrant. The priest who consecrates the elements at the Holy Communion Service.

Celibate. Unmarried—usually one who has taken a vow of celibacy.

Censer. The vessel in which incense is ceremonially burnt.

Chalice. The cup used at Holy Communion. It is dedicated to this solemn use.

Chancel. The part of the church separated from the nave by a screen. (Latin, cancellus, screen.)

Chancellor of a Diocese. The judge of the bishop's Ecclesiastical Court.

Chant, Plain. The ancient ecclesiastical music in unison tones and free rhythm. See GREGORIAN.

Chantry. An endowment for requiems for particular persons. Afterwards also the chapel in which they were said.

Chaplain. A clergyman authorized to officiate in the chapels of the sovereign or of noblemen, colleges, religious houses or public institutions, or in the Army, Navy, or Air Force.

Chapter. See DEAN.

Chasuble. The Eucharistic vestment, plain or coloured, which is worn over the alb.

Cherubim. See ANGEL.

Chrism. Consecrated oil and balsam used in cere-monial anointing.

Chrisom. In the First Prayer Book of Edward VI (1549) it was ordered at Holy Baptism that the minister shall put on the child a white vesture, commonly called the chrisom. This garment was worn for eight days and was then laid up in the chancel.

Christmas Day. The festival of the Nativity of our Blessed Lord (December 25th).

Church, The. The visible Church of Christ is a congregation of faithful men in which the pure Word of God is preached and the Sacraments duly administered according to Christ's
ordinance. Church Militant. The Church as engaged in war-fare with the world, the flesh, and the devil.

Church Expectant. The Church resting in Paradise.

Church Triumphant. The Church triumphant in heaven.

Churchwarden. An officer chosen by the incumbent or parishioners, and admitted by the archdeacon to carry out duties assigned to him by law.

Clerk in Holy Orders. A clergyman of the Church of England.

Clerk, Lay. A singing man in a cathedral, lege chapel.

Clinical Baptism or Communion. A term used when the Sacraments are administered to the sick or dying at their bedside.

Collect. A short prayer.

Collegiate Church. A church governed by a college or chapter consisting of a dean and canons, clerical or lay.

Colours, Liturgical. In order to mark the various seasons, fasts, and festivals of the Church's year, different liturgical colours are used for the vestures of the church and the ministers.

Commendatory Prayer. A prayer for a depart-ing soul.

Commination Service. A service appointed for Ash Wednesday in the Book of

Common Prayer.

Commissary. One appointed by a bishop to repre-sent him : usually the representative at home of a bishop abroad.

Common Prayer. The first Book of Common Prayer was ordered to be printed in the English language on April 1, 1548. The book now in use was issued in 1662.

Communion of Saints. All members of the Church, living and departed, have communion with each other in Jesus Christ, the Head of the Church.

Communion, Holy. The Blessed Sacrament, or-dained by Jesus Christ. (See S. Luke xxii.)

Community. A society of men or women who live together in common.

Compline. A late evening service.

Confessor. One who suffers persecution, but not death, for his faith. One who hears confessions and pronounces absolution.
Confirmation. The Sacrament of Strength, whereby our souls are marked with the seal of the

Holy Spirit. The rite consists of prayer with laying on of hands, and is usually performed by a bishop.

Congo d'elire. The licence of the Crown to the dean and chapter of a cathedral to elect a bishop on the vacancy of the see.

Consecrate. To set apart for holy uses.

Consistory Court. The Diocesan Court of the bishop. The chancellor usually presides in it.

Contrition. A real sorrow for sin with a hearty purpose of amendment.

Convocation. The provincial synod of Canterbury or York : the Upper House consists of all the diocesan bishops of the province ; the Lower, of the elected representatives of the clergy (proctors) and of certain dignitaries.

Cope. A rich vestment worn on ceremonial occasions.

Corban. A consecrating of something to God (S. Mark vii. 11).

Corporal. A linen cloth laid upon the altar at Holy Communion.

Corpus Christi. "The Body of Christ." The festival of Corpus Christi is on the Thursday following Trinity Sunday.

Credence. A small table placed near the altar whereon are placed the necessary things for the celebration of Holy Communion.

Creed. A summary of those things which a Chris-tian ought to know and believe for his soul's health. Three Creeds are in general use — Apostles', Nicene, Athanasian.

Crib. A representation, usually by artificial figures, of the Nativity of Jesus Christ.

Crosier. A bishop's pastoral staff—a symbol of leadership.

Cross. The most holy sign of the Christian Faith.
Cross, Sign of the. From early times Christians have used the sign of the Cross as a reminder of their Faith. Its use is ordered at Holy Baptism. At other times it is optional and for private devo-tion.

Crucifix. A carved representation of the Figure of Christ upon the Cross.

Curate. Originally the name for the priest who had the care or cure of a parish ; now usually given to an assistant-priest.